Trivia Question 18 Answer
The Compton effect was discovered by the American physicist Arthur Holly Compton in 1923, winning him a Nobel prize in 1927. This effect describes the interaction of photons including x-rays and gamma rays with electrons. This is the major cause of x-ray scatter during diagnostic radiology examinations. Photons are most likely to undergo Compton scatter with outer shell (or free) electrons. The scattered photon loses some energy to the electron, and thus assumes a longer wavelength/lower frequency.
Arthur Compton did other things of consequence as well. He later participated in the Manhattan project, including Plutonium production and atomic bomb design.